Solana: mints, token accounts and network fees
A compact mental model for reading an explorer and your wallet.
Key takeaways
- Wallet, mint and token account are different addresses
- SOL pays network fees
- The token program defines behavior
- Token-2022 can add extensions
Three addresses, three roles[1][2]
A wallet address identifies an owner. A mint account describes a token, including supply, decimals and optional authorities. A token account stores the owner's balance for that mint.
The wallet is the owner, the mint is the asset definition, and the token account records the balance of that definition.
Token Program and Token-2022[2]
The original Token Program supports core SPL behavior. Token-2022 uses a similar model while allowing extensions that can affect transfers or control.
- Program identifier
- Mint authority
- Freeze authority
- Extension list
- Decimals and supply
What happens in a transaction[1][2]
A wallet creates and signs instructions executed by programs. SOL covers the network fee. If a recipient lacks the relevant token account, the transaction may also create one, which affects cost.
- Correct network
- Enough SOL for fees
- Correct mint
- Understandable instructions
- Confirmed transaction status
Sources
Primary material used to verify the information. A number beside a section points to the related source. A link is not an endorsement of the asset discussed.